Einstein International Journal Organization(EIJO)

ABSTRACT 

Limonene is essential oil that is present in the waste of orange peels and has the potential, to be used as a fuel which can be extracted from the peels using the steam distillation process the peels. In this work, experiments are carried out to remove limonene under suitable condition from the peels using the appropriate methods The experiments was carried out with grinded or chopped orange peel mixed  with the water in the proportion of 3:1. The mixture was then processed to the steam distillation. The extracted oil that comes as distillate is limonene. The distillation waste is then processed with yeast in order to attain fermentation and obtain ethanol from it. Ethanol was obtained by steam distillation of the fermentable wort and the total volume of ethanol produced from 2kilo grams of the peel waste is 0.8 liters. Considering the percentage fermentable sugar yield from the biomasses in study, it is more economical to produce ethanol from peel waste. The left over residue from the fermentation can be dried and can be used as the fertilizer.

Keyword: Limonene, steam distillation, ethanol extraction.

[1]. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orange_oil

[2]. http://phys.org/

[3]. Periyasamy Elaiyaraju and Nagarajan Partha, “Biogas production from co-digestion of orange peel waste and jatropha de-oiled cake in an anaerobic batch reactor,” African Journal of Biotechnology Vol. 11(14), pp. 3339-3345, 16 February, 2012.

[4]. Rachma Wikandari et al., “Improvement of Biogas Production from Orange Peel Waste by Leaching of Limonene,” BioMed Research International, Volume 2015,pp. 1-6.

[5]. http://www.science.gov/topicpages/w/waste+orange+peel.html

[6]. Amin Ganjali, “ Antimicrobial Effect of Essential Oil of Ziziphora tenuior on Water by Heterotrophic Plate Counts Method in Kerman (Southeast of Iran),” International Journal of Chemical Engineering and Applications, Vol. 7, No. 2,pp.120-124, 2016.

[7]. http://www.perkinelmer.co.uk/PDFs/downloads/APP_Limonene_In_Citrus_Rinds_By_GCMS.pdf

[8]. https://www.reading.ac.uk/web/FILES/chemistry/Limonene.pdf

[9]. M. A. Mart ??n, J. A.Siles, A. F. Chica, and A. Martin “Biomethanization” of orange peel waste,” Bio resource, vol. 101,no. 23, pp. 8993–8999, 2010.