Einstein International Journal Organization(EIJO)

Background: The evolution of 3-dimensional imaging and modelling in dentistry is progressing towards a more efficient and cost-effective workflow using state-of-the-art technology. With introduction of this recent advanced technology, it is used in various surgical procedures such as ridge augmentation, sinus lift and guided implant surgery, implant fixtures, preparation of customized scaffold with or without stem cell therapy, education models as well as in drug delivery technology. The 3-dimensional printing technology is becoming more economical technique and able to produce replica of dental models with a high resolution and accuracy.

Aim and Objective: To assess the Knowledge, Attitude and Practice of dental practitioner regarding the use of 3D Dimensional printing in dentistry.

Material and Methods: A Cross Sectional Study was Conducted among 150 Dental Practitioner in Chandigarh in the form of a Self-administered online Questionnaire consisting of 26 Question related to demographic analysis in the first part and Structured descriptive Questionnaire regarding the assessment of Knowledge, Attitude and Practice to create an awareness of 3D Dimensional printing in various fields of dentistry. The questionnaire was in English format and the link prepared form was sent to dental practitioner’s-mail ids. The percentage response for each Question from all participants was obtained and the Data was calculated and analysed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) software 21.0.

Results

This study shows that out of many dentists 73% think that 3D printing in dentistry is used in India and 25% think it is not used in India. The source of information through which the dentist got to know about 3D printing was 39% through seminars and presentations, 26% through colleges, 15% through guest lectures, 13% through colleagues, 7% through clinical practice. Through colleges, 15% through guest lectures, 13% through colleagues, 7% through clinical practice.

Conclusion

The 3D printing in dental area is converting the oral health care and need. The predominant standards for its rising usefulness within side the area is due to its spreading awareness, much less time required for direct case remedy and its capability location for research and studies towards treatment planning which will revolutionize dentistry. 3D imaging and modelling may have a large impact on regenerative elements of dentistry. Regenerative dentistry and their biomaterials used for diverse superior surgical procedures inclusive of maxillary and mandibular defects, carcinoma or fibrosis cases or in case of trauma, this more recent three-dimensional imaging permit greater predictability in dealing with complicated interdisciplinary scientific scenarios.

Keywords: 3D printing, Rapid prototyping, Additive manufacturing, Computer aided Designing, Bioprinting, CAD-CAM technology

1. Kaur N, Grover D, Kaur G. Future dental devices- 3-dimensional printing approach in dentistry. IP Int J Maxillofac Imaging 2012;7(2):37-47.
2. Evans J, Desai P. Applications for Three-Dimensional Printing in dentistry. Decisions Dent 2016;1(09):28-30,32.
3.  Barazanchi A, Li KC, Al?Amleh B, Lyons K, Waddell JN. Additive technology: Update on current materials and applications in dentistry. J Prosthodont 2017; 26:156?63.
4. Dawood A, Marti  B, Sauret?Jackson V, Darwood A. 3D printing in dentistry. Br Dent J 2015; 219:521?9.
5. Yoo-jin chung, Ji-Man Park, Tae-Hyung Kim, Jin-Soo Ahn, Hyun-Suk Cha et al. 3D Printing of Resin Material for Denture Artificial Teeth: Chipping and Indirect Tensile Fracture Resistance. Materials, 2018; 11: 1798.
6. Gunpreet Oberol, Sophie Nitsch, Michael Edelmayer, klara Janjic et al. 3D Printing –Encompassing the Facets of Dentistry. Frontiers in bioengineering and biotechnology, Nov 2018; 6: 172.
7. Cristian Zaharia, Alin-Gabriel Gabor, Andrei Gavrilovici, Adrian Tudor Stan, Iaura Idorasi et al. Digital Dentistry – 3D Printing Applications. JIDM, 2017; 2(1): 50-53.
8. Shahnaz Mahamood, Maimoona Abdul Khader, Hashim Ali. Application of 3-D Printing in Orthodontics: A Review. International journal of scientific study, Feb 2016; 3(11): 267-270.
9. Oberoi G, Nitsch S, Edelmayer M, Janji? K, Müller AS, Agis H. 3D Printing-Encompassing the Facets of Dentistry. Front Bioeng Biotechnol. 2018; 6:172.
10. Dawood A, Marti Marti B, Sauret-Jackson V, Darwood A. 3D printing in dentistry. Br Dent J. 2015;219(11):521-9.
11. Tao O, Kort-Mascort J, Lin Y, Pham HM, Charbonneau AM, El Kashty OA, et al. The Applications of 3D Printing for Craniofacial Tissue Engineering. Micromachines (Basel). 2019;10(7):480.
12. Unagolla JM, Jayasuriya AC. Hydrogel-based 3D bioprinting: A comprehensive review on cell-laden hydrogels, bio ink formulations, and future perspectives. Appl Mater Today. 2020; 18:100479.
13. Barazanchi A, Li KC, Al-Amleh B, Lyons K, Waddell JN. Additive Technology: Update on Current Materials and Applications in Dentistry. J Prosthodont. 2017;26(2):156-63.
14. Parikh M, Kulkarni N, Parikh M. Knowledge, attitude, and practice on 3D printing among orthodontist in India – An online questionnaire study. Int J Adv Res Dev 2019; 4:26-30.
15. Patil SR, Maragathavalli G, Ramesh DNSV, et al. Assessment of maximum bite force in oral submucous fibrosis patients: A preliminary study. Pesqui Bras Odontopediatria Clin Integr 2020; 20:482.
16. Yun PY. The application of three-dimensional printing techniques in the field of oral and maxillofacial surgery. J Korean Assoc Oral Maxillofac Surg 2015; 41:169–170.
17. Msallem B, Sharma N, Cao S, Halbeisen FS, Zeilhofer HF, Thieringer FM. Evaluation of the Dimensional Accuracy of 3D-Printed Anatomical Mandibular Models Using FFF, SLA, SLS, MJ, and BJ Printing Technology. J Clin Med. 2020;9(3):817.