Einstein International Journal Organization(EIJO)

Abstract

Objectives: : The present study was conducted to evaluate the interaction between craniofacial structures and airway space on Lateral Cephalogram and the volume of airway space on CT along with soft palate and tongue and to compare its reliability.

Material and methods: A total of 45 patients, were equally divided into three different groups. Angular measurement, hard tissue linear measurement, linear measurement of upper airway space and soft tissue, measurement of upper airway and soft tissue area were calculated on Cephalogram and CT scan.

Observations: In the present study upper airway space and area was measured and compared in three different ANB groups and found that there is decrease in MAS, IAS and Upper airway area i.e. nasopharynx, oropharynx & hypopharynx area with increase in ANB angle, there is increase in upper airway space i.e SPAS, MAS & IAS in normal ANB group (2-4°) compared with other two groups.

Results and interpretation: The leaf shape of soft palate was found in maximum subjects in our population with percentage of 31.3%, followed by crook shape (28.9%), rat tail (24.4%), S shape (11.1%) and butt shape (4.4%). The results of airway obtained in CT  shows more higher statistical significance  in relation to upper airway and the coefficient of variation percentage showed that CT airway volume shows more variability than corresponding airway area.

Statistical difference was significant for PFH (p=0.02) and Oropharyngeal area (p=0.04) and highly significant for Nasopharyngeal area (p=0.01), Superior posterior airway space (SPAS) i.e (p=0.01) and PFH/AFH (p=0.01) suggesting with increase in PFH, there is increase in airway space i.e mainly SPAS and with increase in AFH, Oropharynx and soft palate area increases and with increase in ALFH, nasopharyngeal area increases.

Thus this study concluded that facial height has an influence on nasopharynx and tongue area.

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